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The history of Bihar is one of the most varied in India. Ancient Bihar, known as Magadha,was originally known as vihar.. was the centre of power, learning, and culture in India for 1000 years. India's "first empire", the Maurya empire as well as one of the world's greatest pacifist religion, Buddhism arose from the region that now makes modern Bihar.〔Mishra Pankaj, ''The broblem'', Seminar 450 - February 1997〕 Magadha empires, notably under the Maurya and Gupta dynasties, unified large parts of South Asia under a central rule. Its capital Patna, earlier known as Pataliputra, was an important political, military, and economic centre of Indian civilisation during the ancient and classical periods of history. Many of the ancient Indian text, written outside of the religious epics, were written in ancient Bihar. Abhijñānaśākuntala was the most prominent. The present day region of Bihar consisted of several ancient kingdoms and republics which are, the Magadha province, the Anga province and the Vajji confederation . One of the first known republics in the world, Licchavi, existed in the region since before the birth of Mahavira (c. 599 BCE).〔("Licchavi", ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'' )〕〔("Vaisali", ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'' )〕 The classical Gupta dynasty of Bihar, was known to have been a period of great culture and learning inside India. The Gupta period is known today as the Golden Age of India. The Pala Empire also made their capital at Pataliputra. After, Bihar played a very small role in Indian affairs, until the emergence of the Suri dynasty during the Islamic period in the 1540s. After the fall of the Suri dynasty in 1556, Bihar again became a marginal player in India and was the staging post for the Bengal Presidency from the 1750s and up to the war of 1857–58. On 22 March 1912, Bihar was carved out as a separate province in the British Indian Empire. Since 1947, Bihar has been a state in the Indian Union. ==Prehistoric era== The earliest proof of human activity in Bihar is Mesolithic habitational remains at Paisra, Munger. Prehistoric rock paintings have been discovered in hills of Kaimur, Nawada and Jamui. It was the first time that a Neolithic settlement was discovered in the thick of the alluvium, over the bank of the Ganges at Chirand.〔http://yac.bih.nic.in/Da-01.htm Prehistoric era in Bihar〕 The rock paintings depict prehistoric lifestyle and natural environment. The paintings Display the sun, moon, stars, animals, plants, trees, rivers and is speculated to represent love towards nature. The paintings also highlight the daily life of the early humans in Bihar, including activities like hunting, running, dancing, and walking.〔http://discoverbihar.bih.nic.in/pages/art_craft.htm#Rock%20Paintings Rock painting at Kaimur〕 The rock paintings in Bihar are not only identical to those in central and southern India but also are akin with those in Europe and Africa. The rock paintings of Spain's Alta Mira and France's Lascaux are almost identical to those found in Bihar.〔http://kaimur.com/ discovery of rock paintings〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of Bihar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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